Securing Your Legacy: Strategic Inheritance Planning for Wealth Preservation

Securing Your Legacy: Strategic Inheritance Planning for Wealth Preservation


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23 June 2024

You’ve dedicated your life to ensuring the financial security of your family. However, without proper preparation for the inevitable, your estate may be unnecessarily depleted, undermining the fruits of your work. Therefore, the importance of wealth preservation and intergenerational transfer remains ever pertinent.

The UBS Billionaire Ambitions Report 2023 underscores a critical and urgent need – over the next two to three decades, more than 1,000 billionaires will transfer an astonishing USD 5.2 trillion to their children. This monumental transfer of wealth highlights the importance of meticulous inheritance planning.

More than two-thirds of billionaires who participated in the study, both first-generation (65%) and those with inherited wealth (60%), identify “enabling future generations of my family to benefit from my wealth” as their primary legacy-related objective. With such a massive intergenerational transfer on the horizon, careful planning to preserve and grow this wealth for future generations has become a top priority.

Understanding what constitutes a large inheritance is crucial to ensuring that wealth not only endures but also flourishes across generations. Our post provides a comprehensive guide on enabling future generations to benefit from existing wealth, whether through inheriting money from parents or other means. It addresses key strategies for protecting and preserving wealth, emphasizing that thoughtful and well-structured management is the cornerstone of a prosperous legacy.

Diversify your assets (something that family-owned businesses fail on)

This is the most important yet the most overlooked principle of inheritance management.

The research suggests that 56.6% of wealth held by UHNWIs is concentrated in the form of family-owned assets, i.e., principal residence (usually located in a single country) and business equity. On the other hand, a Fund Europe survey suggests 78% of HNW investors hold significant cash reserves which, although most individuals think is the safest investment, yield too little in comparison with other asset classes (including stocks, bonds, and commodities). Such levels of wealth concentration expose investors to significant risks, whether inflationary, liquidity, country, business, or default risk that may take over 50% of the wealth.

Mitigating these risks requires diversification across multiple asset classes and geographies. A sophisticated, balanced portfolio might include a mix of domestic and international equities, suitable bonds for income, and real estate. Alternative investments such as private equity, hedge funds, and commodities can provide unique opportunities and less correlated returns, resulting in higher risk-adjusted returns.

Additionally, incorporating assets from emerging tech industries like climate tech, artificial intelligence (AI), biotech, or neurotech can offer further diversification and impressive potential for growth.

Choose your tax residence wisely

Different countries and regions have their own tax laws, and understanding any that apply to your situation is vital to avoid unnecessary loss. For example, in Belgium, tax rates can range from 3% to 80%, depending on the region and relationship to the deceased. In Spain, these rates can reach up to 87.6%, and in Switzerland they can vary up to 50% depending on the canton. These variations highlight the need for tailored tax strategies. See the map below for more details.

Estate, inheritance, and gift taxes in European countries
Estate, inheritance, and gift taxes in European countries — Source: EY

Key strategies for tax-efficient wealth transfer include:

  • Using trusts and other legal structures to manage and distribute assets while providing tax benefits.
  • Gifting strategies, like annual gift tax exclusions, to gradually transfer wealth tax-efficiently.
  • Managing capital gains taxes through careful timing of asset sales and tax-loss harvesting.
  • Tax-advantaged investment vehicles, such as retirement accounts, for strategic tax planning.

Consulting with an inheritance tax advisor can provide tailored advice and strategies to enhance tax efficiency, ensuring that more wealth is retained and passed on to heirs.

Establish strong family governance

Family governance involves processes, structures, and agreements that guide the management and protection of family wealth and ensure alignment with shared values and goals. While it may sound complex, having these governance structures is crucial, and this is where Family Advisory Services can help.

Another critical step is succession planning, which prepares the next generation to manage the family’s wealth through education, mentorship, and involvement in financial decisions. The 2023 UBS survey found that 58% of billionaires see a major challenge in instilling the necessary values and experience in their heirs. In addition, 68% of billionaires with inherited wealth want to continue the achievements of their ancestors, and 60% want future generations to benefit from their wealth. This underscores the importance of family governance and education in ensuring a seamless transition and preserving generational wealth.

Insights from JPMorgan highlight the importance of integrating family governance into wealth planning. Effective governance preserves wealth and strengthens family unity and legacy. Clear structures and open communication help manage the complexities of managing family wealth and ensure benefits for future generations. Addressing questions like ‘Is generational wealth bad‘ and creating solid family wealth plans can help maintain and protect generational family wealth.

Opt for active management

Passive capital management has long been viewed as a reliable strategy for wealth preservation. However, in the face of heightened geopolitical risks, volatile inflation, and transition risks, the era of passive management appears to be waning. This sentiment has been echoed by leading asset managers such as BlackRock, JPMorgan Asset Management, and Mercer.

… this does mask a rising opportunity in active management in many areas as well as the potential for alpha from broad-based strategies.— Themes and Opportunities 2024, an age of agility, Mercer

In the current market landscape, active management is becoming increasingly crucial for long-term capital preservation. By dynamically adjusting strategies in response to emerging risks and opportunities, active managers can effectively navigate turbulent conditions and safeguard capital. Unlike passive management, which allows capital to “drift” with market movements, active management enables proactive risk management and the ability to capitalize on emerging opportunities.

At LINVO, we believe that an active long-short strategy is the optimal approach for capital preservation. This strategy offers flexibility by enabling the exploitation of diverse market inefficiencies, allowing us to profit from declining prices in equities and ETFs, increase exposure levels when assets are oversold, and reduce exposure during periods of irrational market exuberance. Adjusting our positioning based on market conditions, the long-short strategy provides a robust framework for preserving capital while capturing upside potential.

Wealth that not only endures but thrives

Preserving and growing intergenerational wealth requires a comprehensive strategy built on four pillars:

  • Asset diversification mitigates risk exposure, enhances return potential, and facilitates the exploitation of diverse market opportunities.
  • Strategic tax planning optimizes liabilities, thereby maximizing wealth retention and intergenerational transfer.
  • Robust family governance fosters cohesion and transparency, aligning family members with shared values and objectives.
  • Seasoned professional management provides the requisite expertise to navigate the intricacies of sophisticated wealth management.

Integrating these principles into a comprehensive strategy ensures wealth not only endures but thrives, benefiting future generations. You can create a lasting legacy by focusing on transferring wealth to the next generation and understanding how to build wealth for your children.

[1] UBS: https://www.ubs.com/content/dam/static/noindex/wealth-management/emea/ubs-billionaire-ambitions-report-2023.pdf

[2] Visual Capitalist: https://www.visualcapitalist.com/composition-of-wealth/

[3] Fund Europe: https://www.funds-europe.com/hnw-investors-holding-large-cash-reserves-risk-missing-opportunities-survey-shows/

[4] EY: https://assets.ey.com/content/dam/ey-sites/ey-com/en_gl/topics/tax/tax-pdfs/ey-final-worldwide-estate-and-inheritance-tax-guide-2022.pdf

[5] JPMorgan: https://www.jpmorgan.com/insights/wealth-planning/estate-planning/three-ways-to-help-your-wealth-last-for-generations-to-come

[6] Mercer: https://www.mercer.com/en-ie/insights/investments/market-outlook-and-trends/themes-and-opportunities/


LINVO AG • Life Investment Office • linvo.ch
Gartenstrasse 23, 8002 Zurich, Switzerland | +41 44 777 17 00 | office@linvo.ch

Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication does not constitute financial advice. This publication is for informational purposes only and is not research; it constitutes neither a recommendation for the purchase of financial instruments nor an offer or an invitation for an offer. The Underlying’s performance in the past does not constitute a guarantee for their future performance. The financial products’ value is subject to market fluctuation, which can lead to a partial or total loss of the invested capital. No responsibility is taken for the correctness of this information.


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    Expert Tips for Choosing the Best Wealth Management Firm

    Expert Tips for Choosing the Best

    Wealth Management Firm

    Consider a situation in which you achieve the pinnacle of success in your field, including the wealth that you’ve worked hard to attain. But when you try to invest that wealth, you find yourself in a new domain – one in which you know neither the rules nor the challenges. Your hard-earned savings dwindle away due to what seems like nothing more than bad luck.

    High-net-worth individuals (HNWI) are challenged not only to accumulate wealth but also to preserve and grow it, often by making questionable investment decisions, which is not necessarily their core competency.

    Here’s the dilemma: While the global wealth management industry will manage more than $125 trillion in assets by the end of 2024, a PwC survey found that 46% of HNW investors plan to change or add a wealth relationship in the next 12-24 months, and 39% have done so in the last three years. Many of these changes are driven by unmet needs, the desire to access different products and services, and improved digital capabilities.

    On the flip side, managing your wealth independently is fraught with risk. The chart below shows research by Brad Barber and Terrance Odean made in 2000, revealing that self-directed investors often underperform the market by 6.5% annually due to overconfidence and impulsive decisions.

    More recent studies confirm the hypothesis that overconfident investors tend to do more frequent tradings, often succumbing to the disposition effect (the tendency to sell winning stocks too quickly and to hold losing stocks too long). Other researchers conclude that overconfidence “is a prevalent phenomenon in financial markets both in advanced and in emerging stock markets.”

    Investors' average monthly turnover and annual net return
    Investors’ average monthly turnover and annual net return (in %) — Source: Brad M. Barber & Terrance Odean

    Additionally, a WSJ article emphasizes that without professional guidance, 70% of wealthy families lose their wealth by the second generation, and 90% by the third. This growing dissatisfaction and the inherent risks of self-management highlight the need for a new breed of wealth management firm – one that is flexible, independent, innovative, and transparent.

    This article will guide you through essential factors to consider when choosing a wealth management firm. By understanding these key indicators of reliability, expertise, and client-focused services, you can make an informed decision that will ensure your wealth is managed with the highest level of care and professionalism, thus safeguarding your financial future.

    Understanding Wealth Management

    Wealth management is a comprehensive service that integrates financial planning, investment management, tax services, legal and estate planning, and more to address the complex needs of affluent clients. Unlike traditional financial advisory services, wealth management encompasses all aspects of a client’s financial life, ensuring a holistic and strategic approach to the client’s overall strategy.

    Distinguishing wealth management from other services

    As a comprehensive service, wealth management is distinct from other financial services, such as asset management and private banking:

    • Asset Management focuses exclusively on investments, managing portfolios of stocks, bonds, and other securities, to meet specific financial goals.
    • Private Banking offers personalized banking and financial services, typically through a bank, including investment advice and estate planning.

    We see three key reasons for the importance of professional wealth management, all supported by extensive research and surveys:

    • Holistic Coordination: A PWC survey found that 89% of ultra-high-net-worth individuals (UHNWIs) value receiving advice on their financial affairs from their primary wealth manager to ensure a unified strategy and better decision-making.
    • Reducing Risk and Increasing Returns: Vanguard research shows that disciplined, professional asset management can add about 3% to net annual returns. This is achieved through strategic asset allocation, cost-effective implementation, and tax optimization.
    • Wealth Preservation: Without professional guidance, wealthy families often struggle to preserve their fortunes across generations. Effective wealth management helps to protect and grow wealth, preventing the erosion of assets over time.

    Working with an adviser can add around 3% in net returns when following a professional framework for wealth management.Vanguard, 2020 Vanguard Research

    Key Factors to Consider When Choosing a Wealth Management Firm

    With many options available, understanding the key factors that differentiate one professional wealth manager from another can help you make an informed decision. Below we discuss some essential elements to consider.

    Reliability of the country of registration

    The country where a wealth management firm is registered can significantly impact the security and stability of your investments. Switzerland, for instance, is renowned for its robust financial regulations, political stability, and strong economy. According to the World Economic Forum, Switzerland consistently ranks among the top countries for economic stability, making it a reliable jurisdiction for wealth management.

    A firm based in a country with a stable economy can offer better diversification opportunities. Consequently, a Swiss wealth management firm, rooted in Switzerland’s steady economy, can provide access to diverse investment options across global markets, enhancing your portfolio’s resilience.

    Experience and expertise of the team

    The expertise of the wealth management team is paramount. Look for firms with seasoned professionals who have a proven track record of managing complex financial portfolios. The CFA Institute notes that experienced wealth managers bring invaluable insight and strategic thinking that can significantly improve your financial outcomes.

    A separate study by the CFA Institute shows that people seeking and working with wealth managers place a high value on professional credentials. 81% of respondents considered it important for their wealth management firm to employ “investment professionals with credentials from respected industry organizations,” while just 61% of the respondents were satisfied with their firms’ current states.

    Areas wealthy individuals anticipate are vs. will become important for private client advisers
    Areas wealthy individuals anticipate are vs. will become important for private client advisers — Source: CFA Institute

    Leveraging active management

    The firms you work with should practice active management, continually adjusting strategies to respond to market changes. A study by Morningstar found that actively managed portfolios can significantly outperform passive portfolios in volatile markets, underscoring the importance of a proactive approach.

    BlackRock, the world’s largest asset management firm, emphasizes the importance of actively managed strategies in the current “new regime.”

    While past trends may have favored passive investing, performance is cyclical. Over the past 35 years, active management has outperformed 17 times, whereas passive strategies have outperformed 18 times – with past years favoring this approach. BlackRock and other experts, however, attribute the potential change of the cycle to the start of a new era of high interest rates, persistent inflation, and increased geopolitical risk.

    Rolling active vs. passive performance for monthly 3-year periods (1989–2023)
    Rolling active vs. passive performance for monthly 3-year periods (1989–2023) — Source: Hartford Funds Management Group

    Furthermore, markets where individual stock returns vary widely present opportunities for active managers. For instance, since the start of 2024, 195 companies within the S&P 500 index have surpassed its 10% gain. In such an environment, active managers can capitalize on these differences to achieve superior results compared to passive managers, as history suggests.

    Selecting the best managers – consistently outperforming peers – will be paramount in a new regime.BlackRock, 2024 BlackRock Manager Research

    The “Greater Dispersion” graph below shows the increasing difference in hedge fund alpha (performance relative to a benchmark) from February 2014 to February 2024. The orange line represents the interquartile dispersion, which is the difference in alpha between the best-performing hedge funds (top 25%) and the worst-performing hedge funds (bottom 25%). Since 2020, this difference has widened significantly, meaning there is a larger gap in how well different hedge funds are performing compared to each other.

    This increased dispersion highlights the importance of choosing skilled managers. With a greater range of performance outcomes, it becomes crucial to have experienced managers who can identify and capitalize on the best opportunities while avoiding poor performers.

    The widening gap in hedge fund performance emphasizes the need for skilled active management
    The widening gap in hedge fund performance emphasizes the need for skilled active management — Source: BlackRock

    Another study by Cambridge Associates finds that manager skill and survivability are critical to long-term success. The research shows that many active managers outperform their benchmarks over long periods of time, despite short-term underperformance. This underscores the importance of evaluating managers based on their long-term track record rather than short-term performance fluctuations.

    Active long-short strategy has consistently been a top choice for investors seeking extra yield in unpredictable and volatile market conditions, such as those we appear to be facing currently. In 2022, our active strategy for a balanced portfolio delivered positive returns while the S&P 500 declined by nearly 20%. […] Our market-neutral active strategy offers both competitive returns and peace of mind for investors, with a year-to-date performance of 15.18% compared to the S&P 500’s 11.52%.— Alexander Kogan, LINVO’s Managing Director

    Alignment of interests

    Consider whether the firm’s advisors have “skin in the game” – do they invest their own money alongside their clients’? This practice indicates a high level of confidence in their investment strategies and aligns their financial interests with those of their clients, fostering trust and common goals. When advisors personally invest in the same portfolios, they have an incentive to focus on achieving the best outcomes for the portfolio, rather than recommending products that primarily benefit them through commissions or fees.

    Aligning advisors’ interests can also improve the advisor-client relationship by fostering better communication and understanding. Clients often feel more comfortable knowing that their advisors are personally invested in the same outcomes, leading to more open discussions about investment strategies and financial goals.

    Fees and additional services

    According to the 2022 CFA Institute Investor Trust Study, full fee disclosure is critical to building trust with investors. The study shows that 88% of investors believe transparent fee disclosure is important to trust, yet only 59% believe their advisors deliver on this promise (see graph below).

    Trust factors vs. adviser performance
    Trust factors vs. adviser performance — Source: CFA Institute

    Beyond investment management, look for firms that offer additional services such as tax planning, estate planning, and corporate governance. These services provide a holistic approach to managing your wealth, addressing all aspects of your financial life.

    The PwC High Net Worth Investor Survey 2022 highlights that 66% of HNW investors desire increased personalization in their wealth management relationships. Firms that offer a broad range of tailored services, including specialized lending, business banking, and succession planning, are better positioned to meet the diverse needs of HNW clients and retain their business.

    Transparency and innovation

    Technology integration into wealth management is becoming increasingly important. Firms that leverage advanced digital platforms can provide clients with a consolidated view of their assets, improving transparency and decision-making. According to the 2022 study by CFA, 50% of retail and 87% of institutional investors reported that technology increases trust in their financial adviser or asset manager.

    Furthermore, a 2023 study by Deloitte shows that 68% of clients expect their wealth managers to use digital tools for better service delivery. This integration allows for real-time access to financial information, enhancing clients’ understanding and control over their investments.

    Transparency in investment decisions is also a top factor for building and maintaining client trust. Clients should have clear insights into the rationale behind investment choices and employed strategies. Detailed and easy-to-understand investment reports, outlining specific investments, the reasons behind these choices, and how they align with the client’s goals, significantly enhance trust and satisfaction.

    Furthermore, digital platforms can provide real-time access to portfolios, allowing clients to see up-to-date performance data and transaction history, enhancing their understanding and control over investments. This immediate access ensures clients are informed about their assets’ management, fostering a relationship built on trust and open communication.

    What Sets LINVO Apart and Ahead

    At LINVO, we pride ourselves on delivering exceptional wealth management services tailored to the unique needs of each client. Our team of seasoned professionals combines decades of investment banking, asset management, and deep wealth management expertise, ensuring our clients receive top-notch services.

    We believe in active management, where our team invests its own money in our strategies, demonstrating our unwavering commitment to achieving the best possible results for our clients. LINVO offers a comprehensive range of services, including business management, tax planning, family advisory, and lifestyle management, ensuring that every aspect of your financial life is expertly managed.

    With a worldwide reach, we provide access to a wide range of global investment opportunities, allowing clients to invest in stable and lucrative markets across the globe. We manage a diverse range of assets, including traditional stocks and bonds, as well as alternative investments such as real estate, hedge funds, private equity, and private debt. This diversification helps mitigate risk and enhance returns, ensuring a well-rounded investment portfolio.

    Conclusion

    Choosing the right wealth manager can be the difference between seeing your hard-earned money grow or disappear. The dilemma is real: with nearly 40% of high-net-worth individuals dissatisfied with their current wealth managers and the risks of self-management clear, finding the right partner is critical.

    When selecting a wealth management firm, focus on key factors such as reliability, expertise, comprehensive services, and technological innovation. The ideal firm should offer strategic and transparent investment advice and a holistic approach to managing your financial life to effectively preserve and grow your wealth.

    A trusted wealth manager should align their interests with those of the client by providing transparent, proactive management tailored to the client’s unique needs. By making informed decisions, you can secure your financial future and ensure that your legacy endures for generations to come.

    Disclaimer: The information contained in this publication does not constitute financial advice. This publication is for informational purposes only and is not research; it constitutes neither a recommendation for the purchase of financial instruments nor an offer or an invitation for an offer. The Underlying’s performance in the past does not constitute a guarantee for their future performance. The financial products’ value is subject to market fluctuation, which can lead to a partial or total loss of the invested capital. No responsibility is taken for the correctness of this information.

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      What is a Family Office and Why is it Important for Preserving Generational Wealth?

      A family office is a private organization dedicated to managing the wealth, investments, and financial affairs of one or more affluent families. More than a simple advisory relationship, a family office serves as a centralized platform for investment management, estate planning, tax optimization, philanthropy coordination, and – in many cases – day-to-day concierge and lifestyle services. The overarching goal is to preserve, protect, and grow multi-generational wealth while maintaining the family’s financial stability and legacy.

      What is a family office? Single-family vs. multi-family structures

      Family offices generally fall into two categories, each with a distinct operating model and cost profile:

      • Single-family offices (SFOs) serve one wealthy family exclusively. This structure allows for fully bespoke investment strategies, governance frameworks, and reporting – but it requires significant scale to justify the operational overhead, typically upwards of $250–500 million in investable assets.
      • Multi-family offices (MFOs) serve multiple families through shared infrastructure, investment teams, and technology platforms. MFOs deliver the same breadth of services – portfolio management, estate and tax planning, consolidated reporting – while distributing costs across families, making institutional-quality oversight accessible at lower asset thresholds.

      For families seeking the depth of a single-family office without the full cost of building one in-house, a multi-family office offers a compelling middle ground: dedicated advisory relationships, shared operational scale, and access to institutional investment opportunities.

      Why family offices matter for preserving generational wealth

      Wealth creation is one challenge; wealth preservation across generations is another entirely. Research consistently shows that without structured oversight, the majority of family wealth dissipates within two to three generations. Family offices exist precisely to break this pattern.

      Six functions that make family offices essential for long-term wealth preservation:

      • Tailored investment strategies. Family offices design bespoke portfolios aligned with each family’s long-term objectives, risk tolerance, liquidity needs, and values – including access to private markets, co-investments, and alternative assets that are typically unavailable to individual investors.
      • Risk management and diversification. Through disciplined asset allocation, hedging strategies, and ongoing monitoring, family offices protect wealth against market volatility, currency risk, and macroeconomic shocks.
      • Estate and succession planning. Structured estate planning ensures efficient wealth transfer across generations, minimizing tax liabilities, reducing legal complexity, and establishing clear governance for family assets.
      • Philanthropy and impact. Coordinating charitable activities through a family office enables structured, measurable giving – reinforcing the family’s values, strengthening community engagement, and creating lasting social impact.
      • Financial education for the next generation. Family offices invest in preparing younger family members to manage wealth responsibly, covering topics from investment fundamentals and governance participation to the psychology of wealth.
      • Operational efficiency and consolidated reporting. Centralizing financial operations eliminates duplication, reduces administrative costs, and provides a single, transparent view of all family assets, liabilities, and performance – across custodians, entities, and jurisdictions.

      The role of a family office in long-term financial planning

      Beyond day-to-day portfolio management, a well-run family office serves as the family’s strategic center of gravity. It coordinates across external advisors – legal counsel, tax specialists, banking partners – and ensures that every decision, from a real estate acquisition to a trust restructuring, fits within a coherent long-term plan.

      This integrated approach is what distinguishes a family office from working with multiple independent advisors. Rather than fragmented advice, families receive a unified strategy where investment decisions, tax planning, estate structures, and liquidity management all reinforce each other.

      Choosing the right family office partner

      When evaluating family office providers, families should consider the firm’s regulatory standing, the depth of its investment and operational expertise, the transparency of its fee structure, and – critically – the alignment of interests between the firm and its clients. A strong family office relationship is built on trust, accountability, and a shared long-term horizon.

      In essence, family offices play a crucial role in preserving generational wealth by providing expert management, strategic coordination, and institutional-grade oversight. They ensure that a family’s wealth is not only maintained but actively enhanced – safeguarding the financial future of upcoming generations while upholding the family’s legacy and values.

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